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	<title>golden west project:black in portland history</title>
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	<description>the african american experience in portland &#38; oregon</description>
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		<title>golden west project:black in portland history</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com</link>
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			<item>
		<title>New Golden West Historical Display</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/the-new-golden-west-historical-display/</link>
		<comments>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/the-new-golden-west-historical-display/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Nov 2009 15:16:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[click &#62;Golden West Historic Display Preview-Panels.PDF&#60;click




(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)


fwilliam@pdx.edu wrote: Hi Will, There was a photographer from the Oregonian there and I know that Michael Chappie Grice also took a lot of pictures. It was a fantastic evening and the only thing missing was you. Congratulations!
Felicia Williams

(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)
source:by Brian Stimson, The Skanner
October 29, 2009



The woman’s name in black is [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1691&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><h3 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>click </strong></span><a href="http://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B8vrhzdjE2SWNGY1YjUzODgtOTE0MC00NzJmLWFiMzgtZDQ0OWYwNjRlMjc1&amp;hl=en"><span style="color:#00ff00;"><strong>&gt;</strong></span><span style="color:#999999;">Golden West Historic Display Preview-Panels.PDF</span><span style="color:#00ff00;"><strong>&lt;</strong></span><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>click</strong></span></a></h3>
<div>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img class=" aligncenter" src="http://gallery.mailchimp.com/20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed/images/GoldenWestLogoBrown.1.jpg" alt="" width="324" height="125" /></p>
</div>
<div>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
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<address><img class="size-full wp-image-671 aligncenter" title="On behalf of the City of Portland Black History Month Committee" src="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/willaward_01.jpg?w=450&#038;h=337" alt="On behalf of the City of Portland Black History Month Committee" width="450" height="337" /></address>
<blockquote><address><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong><a href="mailto:fwilliam@pdx.edu"><span style="color:#999999;">fwilliam@pdx.edu</span></a> wrote: Hi Will, There was a photographer from the Oregonian there and I know that Michael Chappie Grice also took a lot of pictures. It was a fantastic evening and the only thing missing was you. Congratulations!</strong></span></address>
<address><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong>Felicia Williams</strong></span></address>
</blockquote>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
<h6>source:<a href="http://www.theskanner.com/index.phparticle/view/id/10695"><span style="color:#999999;">by Brian Stimson, The Skanner</span></a><br />
October 29, 2009</h6>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align:center;">
<dl class="wp-caption aligncenter">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><img class="size-full wp-image-1690 " title="The woman’s name in black is Willie Richardson, from Salem.  The woman on the left, is Jodi Cheever from Portland" src="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/the-woman_s-name-in-black-is-willie-richardson-from-salem-the-woman-on-the-left-is-jodi-cheever-from-portland-by-brian-stimson.jpg?w=314&#038;h=235" alt="The woman’s name in black is Willie Richardson, from Salem.  The woman on the left, is Jodi Cheever from Portland" width="314" height="235" /></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd"><span style="color:#ff9900;">The woman’s name in black is Willie Richardson, from Salem.  The woman on the left, is Jodi Cheever from Portland. -by Photo by Brian Stimson</span></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="color:#ff9900;">Anthony I. Allen never knew W.D. Allen, his grandfather and the original owner of the Golden West Hotel, but he knows all the stories. From the time he was a child growing up in Los Angeles, Anthony Allen learned all about Portland’s historic Black hotel &#8212; located at 7th and Broadway Downtown &#8212; one of the only formal lodging houses in town that catered to African Americans in the first few decades of the 20th century.</span></p>
<p style="text-align:justify;"><span style="color:#ff9900;">On Oct. 22, Allen and many others – including PSU Black Studies Professor Dr. Darrell Millner, W.D. Allen’s great-granddaughter Nicole Allen </span><a href="mailto:nallen@pdx.edu"><span style="color:#999999;">nallen@pdx.edu</span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;">, City Commissioner </span><a href="http://www.portlandonline.com/leonard/"><span style="color:#ff9900;"><span style="color:#999999;">Randy Leonard</span> </span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;">— gathered at Carlton Hart Architects to celebrate the unveiling of the new Golden West Historical Display. Visible from the street, the display features photos, historical descriptions and even an audio guide to what was once the center of African American culture in Portland.</span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff9900;">Pictured above is Anthony I. Allen (right), Bill Hart of </span><a href="http://www.carletonhart.com/"><span style="color:#999999;">Carlton Hart Architects</span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;"> (center), who helped design the panels, and a supporter at Thursday’s event on 10.22.09.</span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.portlandonline.com/shared/cfm/image.cfm?id=206196"><span style="color:#999999;">Downtown library goes green with new ecoroof (PDF)</span></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/unveiling/"><span style="color:#999999;">http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/unveiling/</span></a></p>
<blockquote>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span style="color:#ff9900;">&gt;&gt; Greetings Everyone: I am using this earlier email to get all of your email addresses. GREAT event on Thursday &amp; many thanks to EV </span><a href="mailto:evarmitage@centralcityconcern.org"><span style="color:#999999;">evarmitage@centralcityconcern.org</span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;"> for wonderful coordination &amp; all of you great speakers. It was a grand success with so much positive energy in Bill’s office (major thanks to Bill &amp; Carleton-Hart for hosting.</span></p>
</blockquote>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter" style="text-align:left;">
<dl class="wp-caption aligncenter">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><img src="http://www.african-american-historical-district.com/images/will_11-07_uzby.jpg" alt="" width="225" height="150" /></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd"><span style="color:#ff9900;">Will Bennett with at the Golden West Hotel, the inspiration for his website AFRICAN-AMERICAN-HISTORICAL-DISTRICT.COM PHOTO BY JASON E. KAPLAN </span></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<blockquote>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a href="http://www.african-american-historical-district.com/GOLDEN_WEST_PROJECT.html"><span style="color:#999999;">Will – we missed you terribly and you got the recognition that you deserve! I hope you are feeling better.</span></a></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a href="http://www.centralcityconcern.org/golden_west_building.htm"><span style="color:#999999;">EV – please extend thanks to Robert from all of us, and the rest of the CC team.</span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;"> It was an unforgettable evening all around and first rate, from start to finish.Thanks again –Cathy Galbraith</span><span style="color:#ff9900;"><a href="http://www.visitahc.org/"></a></span></p>
</blockquote>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a href="http://www.visitahc.org/"><span style="color:#999999;">Bosco-Milligan Foundation</span></a></p>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
<blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#ff9900;">Will – I’m so sorry you’re not feeling well, we missed you at the Golden West exhibit celebration last night. It was a great event with over 160 people there and wonderful energy. The speeches and music went well and people were mingling, looking at the exhibit, and having a good time. You were specifically thanked by Ed Blackburn and Jackie Peterson for all your work making the project happen. And now the exhibit is up on the building for a long time to come, for anyone to see and hear. Thanks for your major role in moving this all forward and making it happen. &#8211; EV</span></p>
</blockquote>
<address class="MsoNormal">E.V. Armitage<br />
Executive Coordinator<br />
Central City Concern<br />
232 NW Sixth Avenue<br />
Portland, OR  97209 </address>
<address>Direct 503-200-3885<br />
Main 503-294-1681<br />
Fax 503-294-4321<br />
<a href="http://www.centralcityconcern.org/"><span style="color:#999999;">www.centralcityconcern.org</span></a> </address>
<p>To sign up for the CCC e-newsletter, click <a href="http://centralcityconcern.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=9dda0156c3"><span style="color:#999999;">here</span></a><span style="color:#999999;"> </span>.<br />
P Please consider the environment before printing this e-mail</p>
<p>The information contained in this message may be legally privileged and confidential</p>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
<address>&gt;&gt; GOLDEN WEST PROJECT<br />
&gt;&gt; <a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com"><span style="color:#999999;">http://goldenwest.wordpress.com</span></a><br />
&gt;&gt; BUILDING A NETWORK FOR PRESERVATION OF<br />
&gt;&gt; PORTLAND’S &amp; OREGON’S AFRICAN AMERICAN<br />
&gt;&gt; EXPERIENCE/HISTORY…AND MORE!!!</address>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
<blockquote>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span style="color:#ff9900;">Will, It  was a very moving and impactful experience for me and my wife to learn more  about Blacks in Portland. We are close friends with  Dick and Nola Bogle. Thanks for the picture and please keep me on your mailing  list for any future events. Best  Wishes, George</span></p>
</blockquote>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>George E. Hocker, Jr.</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>Public Advocate</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>Office of Commissioner Nick Fish</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>1221 SW 4th Avenue</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>Portland, OR 97204</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>(503) 823-3603</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>Fax (503) 823-3596</address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:justify;" dir="ltr">
<address>email: <span style="color:#999999;"><a href="mailto:george.hocker@ci.portland.or.us"><span style="color:#999999;">george.hocker@ci.portland.or.us</span></a></span></address>
</div>
<div style="text-align:center;" dir="ltr"><span style="color:#ff9900;">photo below of George E. Hocker with wife</span></div>
<p><img class="size-full wp-image-1702 alignnone" title="George Hocker-Wife" src="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/george-hocker-wife.jpg?w=450&#038;h=546" alt="George E. Hocker &amp; His Wife @Unveiling" width="450" height="546" /></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://tinyurl.com/ylln3n8"><span style="color:#999999;">More &#8220;Unveiling&#8221; Photos |  New Golden West Historical Display</span></a></p>
<div style="text-align:center;">
<h4><a title="Permanent Link to Golden West Building African-American History Exhibit" rel="bookmark" href="http://www.mentalhealthportland.org/?p=3508"><span style="color:#999999;">Golden West Building African-American History Exhibit</span></a></h4>
</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B8vrhzdjE2SWNGY1YjUzODgtOTE0MC00NzJmLWFiMzgtZDQ0OWYwNjRlMjc1&amp;hl=en"><span style="color:#999999;"><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Click </strong></span><span style="color:#00ff00;"><strong>&gt;</strong></span><strong>Golden West Historic Display Preview-Panels.PDF</strong><span style="color:#00ff00;"><strong>&lt;</strong></span><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Click</strong></span></span></a></div>
<div>
<h3 style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/take_note-6-2009/"><span style="color:#999999;">take-note oct2009</span></a></h3>
</div>
<div><img class="size-full wp-image-1713 aligncenter" title="unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-001" src="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/unveiling-stuff-10-22-09_small-001.jpg?w=270&#038;h=643" alt="front" width="270" height="643" /></div>
<div><img class="size-full wp-image-1712 aligncenter" title="unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-003" src="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/unveiling-stuff-10-22-09_small-003.jpg?w=270&#038;h=677" alt="back" width="270" height="677" /></div>
<div><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1711" title="unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-002" src="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/unveiling-stuff-10-22-09_small-002.jpg?w=450&#038;h=620" alt="unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-002" width="450" height="620" /></div>
<div>
<h6 style="text-align:center;">(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)(~_~)</h6>
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<div><span style="color:#ff0000;"><strong><span style="color:#ff9900;">Golden West Project: through continuing research</span></strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff9900;">Most Racist City</span><br />
<a href="http://www.african-american-historical-district.com/GOLDEN_WEST_PROJECT.html">http://www.african-american-historical-district.com/GOLDEN_WEST_PROJECT.html</a></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff9900;">A little more light on little-known history</span><br />
<a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2008/08/a_little_more_light_on_littlek.html">http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2008/08/a_little_more_light_on_littlek.html</a></div>
<div>
<p><span style="color:#ff9900;">Amateur Historian Pushes Behind the Scenes History</span><br />
<a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/03/13/amateur-historian-pushes-behind-the-scenes-history/">http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/03/13/amateur-historian-pushes-behind-the-scenes-history/</a></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff9900;">Black History Film “Local Color” Re-released</span><br />
<a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2008/07/19/black-history-film-%E2%80%9Clocal-color%E2%80%9D-rereleased/">http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2008/07/19/black-history-film-%E2%80%9Clocal-color%E2%80%9D-rereleased/</a></p>
</div>
<div><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">I</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">nvitation: </span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">A</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">frican-</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">A</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">merican</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;"> H</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">istoric </span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">E</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">xhibit </span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">u</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">nveiling </span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">O</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">ctober-</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">22</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">nd, </span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">2</span></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;">00</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">9</span></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff9900;">press release</span><span style="color:#00ff00;">1</span><br />
<a href="http://tinyurl.com/ya9myw5">http://tinyurl.com/ya9myw5</a><br />
<span style="color:#ff9900;"> press release</span><span style="color:#00ff00;">2</span><br />
<a href="http://tinyurl.com/yhpapm4">http://tinyurl.com/yhpapm4</a></div>
<h3 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#999999;"><a href="http://African-American-Historical-District.Com"><span style="color:#999999;">African-American-Historical-District.Com</span></a></span></h3>
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			<wfw:commentRss>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/the-new-golden-west-historical-display/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
	
		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/0af40dc46b11f8b44b4ccc2f5e2d723e?s=96&#38;d=identicon&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">GOLDEN WEST PROJECT</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://gallery.mailchimp.com/20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed/images/GoldenWestLogoBrown.1.jpg" medium="image" />

		<media:content url="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/willaward_01.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">On behalf of the City of Portland Black History Month Committee</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/the-woman_s-name-in-black-is-willie-richardson-from-salem-the-woman-on-the-left-is-jodi-cheever-from-portland-by-brian-stimson.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">The woman’s name in black is Willie Richardson, from Salem.  The woman on the left, is Jodi Cheever from Portland</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://www.african-american-historical-district.com/images/will_11-07_uzby.jpg" medium="image" />

		<media:content url="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/george-hocker-wife.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">George Hocker-Wife</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/unveiling-stuff-10-22-09_small-001.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-001</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/unveiling-stuff-10-22-09_small-003.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-003</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://goldenwest.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/unveiling-stuff-10-22-09_small-002.jpg" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">unveiling stuff-10-22-09_small-002</media:title>
		</media:content>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>&#8220;Unveiling&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/unveiling/</link>
		<comments>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/11/07/unveiling/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 07 Nov 2009 03:31:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/?p=1684</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
fwilliam@pdx.edu wrote:
&#62; Hi Will,
&#62;
&#62; There was a photographer from the Oregonian there and I know that Michael Chappie Grice also took a lot of pictures.  It was a fantastic evening and the only thing missing was you.  Congratulations!
&#62;
&#62; Felicia Williams
&#62;
&#62;
&#62; Quoting INFO :
&#62;
&#62;&#62; All =
&#62;&#62; I only could i find words&#8230;
&#62;&#62; Anymore pic [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1684&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
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<p>fwilliam@pdx.edu wrote:<br />
&gt; Hi Will,<br />
&gt;<br />
&gt; There was a photographer from the Oregonian there and I know that Michael Chappie Grice also took a lot of pictures.  It was a fantastic evening and the only thing missing was you.  Congratulations!<br />
&gt;<br />
&gt; Felicia Williams<br />
&gt;<br />
&gt;<br />
&gt; Quoting INFO :<br />
&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; All =<br />
&gt;&gt; I only could i find words&#8230;<br />
&gt;&gt; Anymore pic to share?&#8230;<br />
&gt;&gt; see link<br />
&gt;&gt; &#8220;Unveiling&#8221; Golden West Historic Event:<br />
&gt;&gt; <a href="http://tinyurl.com/ylln3n8">http://tinyurl.com/ylln3n8</a><br />
&gt;&gt; peace<br />
&gt;&gt; will b.<br />
&gt;&gt; &#8212;&#8212;&#8211; Original Message &#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br />
&gt;&gt; Subject:     RE: Golden West History Exhibit Unveiling: October 22nd! THANKS<br />
&gt;&gt; Date:     Mon, 26 Oct 2009 11:57:54 -0700<br />
&gt;&gt; From:     Cathy Galbraith<br />
&gt;&gt; To:     &#8216;EV Armitage&#8217; , &#8216;WILL BENNETT&#8217; , , &#8216;michael gandsey&#8217; , , , &#8216;Billy Anfield&#8217; , &#8216;Jackie &#8216; , &#8216;bill hart&#8217; ,<br />
&gt;&gt; References:<br />
&gt;&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; Greetings Everyone:<br />
&gt;&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; I am using this earlier email to get all of your email addresses.<br />
&gt;&gt; GREAT event on Thursday &amp; many thanks to EV for wonderful coordination &amp; all<br />
&gt;&gt; of you great speakers. It was a grand success with so much positive energy<br />
&gt;&gt; in Bill&#8217;s office (major thanks to Bill &amp; Carleton-Hart for hosting.)<br />
&gt;&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; Will &#8211; we missed you terribly and you got the recognition that you deserve!<br />
&gt;&gt; I hope you are feeling better.<br />
&gt;&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; EV &#8211; please extend thanks to Robert from all of us, and the rest of the CC<br />
&gt;&gt; team.<br />
&gt;&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; It was an unforgettable evening all around and first rate, from start to<br />
&gt;&gt; finish.<br />
&gt;&gt; Thanks again &#8211; Cathy Galbraith,<br />
&gt;&gt; Bosco-Milligan Foundation<br />
&gt;&gt;<br />
&gt;&gt; GOLDEN WEST PROJECT<br />
&gt;&gt; http://goldenwest.wordpress.com<br />
&gt;&gt; BUILDING A NETWORK FOR PRESERVATION OF<br />
&gt;&gt; PORTLAND&#8217;S &amp; OREGON&#8217;S AFRICAN AMERICAN<br />
&gt;&gt; EXPERIENCE/HISTORY&#8230;AND MORE!!!</p>
<p><img src="http://gallery.mailchimp.com/20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed/images/GoldenWestLogoBrown.1.jpg" alt="" width="324" height="125" /></p>
<h3 style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://african-american-historical-district.com">african-american-historical-district.com</a></h3>
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		<title>To speak of Mahalia Jackson&#8230;</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/10/26/to-speak-of-mahalia-jackson/</link>
		<comments>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/10/26/to-speak-of-mahalia-jackson/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 26 Oct 2009 18:55:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Source: The National Museum of African American History and Culture
To speak of Mahalia Jackson’s voice is to speak of magic and mystery and majesty.  Hers is not a voice.  It is a force of nature.  It moves with the power of a tornado and soothes with the tenderness of a spring rain.



In describing the legendary [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1675&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p>Source: <a href="http://go.si.edu/site/MessageViewer?em_id=7421.0&amp;dlv_id=11341">The National Museum of African American History and Culture</a></p>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>To speak of Mahalia Jackson’s voice is to speak of magic and mystery and majesty.  Hers is not a voice.  It is a force of nature.  It moves with the power of a tornado and soothes with the tenderness of a spring rain.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<blockquote>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>In describing the legendary gospel singer, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. once said: “A voice like hers comes along once in a millennium.”</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><span style='text-align:center; display: block;'><object width='425' height='350'><param name='movie' value='http://www.youtube.com/v/l49N8U3d0Bw&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' /> <param name='allowfullscreen' value='true' /> <param name='wmode' value='transparent' /> <embed src='http://www.youtube.com/v/l49N8U3d0Bw&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;hd=0' type='application/x-shockwave-flash' allowfullscreen='true' width='425' height='350' wmode='transparent'></embed> </object></span></strong></span></div>
</blockquote>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>He could just as well have been talking about her life&#8217;s journey and the influence she had not only on gospel music, but on American music itself — from blues to rock and roll — and its impact on the world.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>The woman who would one day be called the greatest gospel singer in the world was born in New Orleans on October 26, 1911.  Her childhood home was a three-room house in the Black Pearl section of the city.  It was a tiny space, home not only to little “Halie,” and her mother and brother, but to assorted aunts and cousins, too.  In total, thirteen people and a dog shared that home.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Mahalia’s mother died when she was five, adding more hardship to her young life.  She was raised by her Aunt “Duke,” who allowed no secular records in the home and who treated Mahalia and her cousins harshly when they failed to keep the family home immaculate.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Mahalia began singing in church as a child.  Quickly it became apparent that she had a tremendous talent and possessed a voice that was rich, strong and impressive.  One family member said Mahalia would one day sing before royalty.  Eventually, that came true.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>After moving to Chicago in 1927 as a teenager during the Great Migration north, word of her amazing voice began to spread — first in local churches, and soon in churches across America.  In 1948, she recorded “Move On Up a Little Higher” for Apollo records.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>It was a spectacular success — groundbreaking, in fact, because no gospel song had ever achieved such sales on the secular side of the music industry.  Stores across the nation scrambled to keep up with the demand for Mahalia Jackson&#8217;s first and greatest hit.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>The song propelled Jackson to worldwide celebrity; she became a force in radio and television, areas off-limits to African American musicians and entertainers.  In 1954 she began hosting a popular Sunday night radio show for CBS.  Her appearance in 1956 on the Ed Sullivan Show lifted gospel music from churches and revivals into mainstream American music, where it remains to this day.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>She performed in the White House for President Eisenhower, sang at the inauguration of John F. Kennedy, and travelled with Dr. King throughout the South, singing powerful gospel hymns before many of his speeches, including, at his request, a spiritual just before his “I Have a Dream” speech in Washington, D.C., in 1963.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Just as her family had predicted, she performed before royalty, singing at London&#8217;s Royal Albert Hall when her first European concert tour brought her to England in the mid-1950s.  During that tour she would also sing in France, Germany and Denmark.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Later international tours found Jackson performing before the royal family in Japan and meeting numerous heads of state such as Indira Gandhi, prime minister of India.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Countless singers and other musicians recognized her talent.  In 1958, she collaborated with famed African American composer and band leader, Duke Ellington, on the album Black, Brown and Beige.  Many music scholars believe this was Ellington&#8217;s finest and most ambitious work, and certainly the one in which he made his deepest emotional investment.  Mahalia Jackson’s contribution was substantial.  It was on this recording that she gave one of music history’s most stirring performances — a heart-stopping rendition of “Come Sunday.”  Ellington wrote it specifically for her and she made it her own thanks to her deep-velvet voice and her soul-stirring spirituality.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Jackson was frequently offered lucrative deals to sing in more popular secular styles, declining those offers, for the most part, to stay faithful to her gospel roots.  Mahalia Jackson passed away in 1972, just a few months after her 60th birthday.  Both Chicago and New Orleans honored her, with tens of thousands silently filing past her casket in tribute.  It is estimated as many as 6,000 people attended her funeral service in Chicago; among them were Sammy Davis Jr. and Ella Fitzgerald.  At service&#8217;s end, Aretha Franklin sang “Precious Lord, Take My Hand,” which had become one of Mahalia Jackson’s signature songs.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Gospel music historian Horace C. Boyer wrote that through her voice and personality Jackson enlightened people worldwide to “respect gospel music as an idiom distinct from classical black spirituals.”  True to the idea that the African American story is an American story, it is hard to imagine contemporary music without the influence of Mahalia Jackson.  This point is underscored by her induction into the Rock and Roll Music Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio in 1997.</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong><br />
</strong></span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>This is just one Page from Our American Story.  However, it serves to underscore the mission of the Museum: to open a door to conversation and understanding not only to the African American experience, but also to how that experience has played an integral role in shaping our nation from its very beginnings.</strong></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff6600;"><span style="color:#888888;"><a href="http://african-american-historical-district.com"><span style="color:#888888;">african-american-historical-district.com</span></a></span></span></h3>
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			<media:title type="html">GOLDEN WEST PROJECT</media:title>
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		<title>Exhibit Honors the History of African-Americans in Downtown Portland</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/10/11/exhibit-honors-the-history-of-african-americans-in-downtown-portland/</link>
		<comments>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/10/11/exhibit-honors-the-history-of-african-americans-in-downtown-portland/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2009 17:28:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/?p=1620</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

 
Exhibit Honors the History of African-Americans in Downtown PortlandOn Thursday, October 22, 2009,
Central City Concern will host an unveiling celebration for a newly installed permanent exterior exhibit on two sides of the Golden West Building, former center of Portland&#8217;s African-American social and business life in the first decades of the twentieth century, located at [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1620&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
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<h3><span style="font-family:Georgia;color:#8b0000;"><span style="line-height:30px;font-size:medium;"><strong><span style="font-size:medium;"> </span></strong></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="font-size:1.17em;"><span style="color:#ff6600;">Exhibit Honors the History of African-Americans in Downtown PortlandOn Thursday, October 22, 2009,</span></h3>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border:0 initial initial;" src="http://gallery.mailchimp.com/20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed/images/GoldenWestLogoBrown.1.jpg" border="0" alt="" width="275" height="107" align="left" /><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="http://centralcityconcern.us1.list-manage.com/track/click?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=f84ecb74f9&amp;e=63add067a3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>Central City Concern</strong></span></a><strong> will host an unveiling celebration for a newly installed permanent exterior exhibit on two sides of the </strong><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="http://centralcityconcern.us1.list-manage.com/track/click?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=4e5695586e&amp;e=63add067a3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>Golden West Building</strong></span></a><strong>, former center of Portland&#8217;s African-American social and business life in the first decades of the twentieth century, located at the corner of NW Everett and Broadway. The celebration is free and open to the public, from 5:00 – 6:30 p.m., at </strong><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="http://centralcityconcern.us1.list-manage.com/track/click?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=9c356aa89e&amp;e=63add067a3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>Carleton Hart Architects</strong></span></a><strong>, 322 NW 8th Avenue. The event will feature timeless music from “Sweet Baby James” and remarks at 5:30 p.m. by City of Portland Commissioner Randy Leonard and members of the project advisory committee. No RSVP is required to attend the celebration; questions may be directed to </strong><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="mailto:evarmitage@centralcityconcern.org?subject=Golden%20West%20Unveiling"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>EV Armitage</strong></span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
<p><strong>The exhibit tells a social and ethnic story of the vibrant African-American community in Portland in the early 1900s and the successes and challenges of its residents.  “In that early generation of the Black community here, you could find the very powerful strains of what you might call pursuit of the American dream,” said Dr. Darrell Millner, Professor in the Black Studies Department at Portland State University and a consultant on the exhibit.</strong></p>
<p><img style="border:0 initial initial;" src="http://gallery.mailchimp.com/20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed/images/OrHi_81806_Golden_West_Hotel.1.jpg" border="1" alt="" width="250" height="214" align="left" /><strong>Central City Concern (CCC) owns the Golden West Building which is one of the earliest architectural landmarks of African-American history in Portland. “It’s our great pleasure to celebrate this building’s historic value,” said Executive Director Ed Blackburn.</strong></p>
<p><strong>The exhibit consists of six visual panels on the exterior of the building and a visitor activated sound component. Curator Dr. Jacqueline Peterson-Loomis of Washington State University-Vancouver and the Old Town History Project worked with an </strong><a href="http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0AcvrhzdjE2SWZGdjeDVqanNfMTdnbjR0cXFncA&amp;hl=en"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>A</strong></span></a><a href="http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0AcvrhzdjE2SWZGdjeDVqanNfMTdnbjR0cXFncA&amp;hl=en"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>dvisory committee</strong></span></a><strong> composed of community members and historians to create the display.</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://www.box.net/shared/7do24uypu3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>“So much of the neighborhood’s rich history is unknown to Portland residents,”</strong></span><strong> </strong></a><strong>said Dr. Peterson-Loomis. “This street level installation is a first step – and a long-term goal of the Old Town History Project –  in bringing the neighborhood&#8217;s multiethnic history to life in a series of public street level exhibits and soundscapes.”</strong></p>
<p style="text-align:justify;"><img class="aligncenter" style="border:1px solid black;" src="http://gallery.mailchimp.com/20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed/images/OrHi_84648_Barber_Shop.1.jpg" border="1" alt="" width="250" height="266" align="right" /><strong> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align:justify;"><strong>The history display was made possible in part by grants from the </strong><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="http://centralcityconcern.us1.list-manage.com/track/click?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=24be5b0501&amp;e=63add067a3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>City of </strong></span><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>Portland Vision Into Action</strong></span></a><strong> program, and from </strong><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="http://centralcityconcern.us1.list-manage.com/track/click?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=d889f865e7&amp;e=63add067a3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong>Oregon Humanities</strong></span></a><strong>, a statewide nonprofit organization and an independent affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities, which funds Oregon Humanities’ grant program. For an advance look at the panels, click</strong><span style="color:#888888;"><strong><span style="color:#ff9900;"> </span></strong></span><a style="color:#800000;text-decoration:underline;" href="http://centralcityconcern.us1.list-manage.com/track/click?u=20bf94c68127a77a7fc436aed&amp;id=3789fff7be&amp;e=63add067a3"><span style="color:#888888;"><strong><span style="color:#ff9900;">here</span></strong></span></a><strong>.</strong></p>
<h4>A<span style="text-decoration:underline;"> </span><a href="http://African-American-Historical District.Com"><span style="color:#888888;">Golden West Project</span></a> <span style="color:#ffffff;">for more info go to&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span style="color:#888888;"><span style="color:#888888;"><a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/03/13/amateur-historian-pushes-behind-the-scenes-history/"><span style="color:#888888;">Amateur Historian Pushes Behind the Scenes History</span></a></span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline;"> </span><span style="color:#ffffff;">&amp; </span><span style="color:#888888;"><a href="http://www.visionpdx.com/news/pressGoldenWest_8-7-08.pdf"><span style="color:#888888;">http://www.visionpdx.com/news/pressGoldenWest_8-7-08.pdf</span></a> <span style="color:#000000;"><span style="color:#ffffff;">&amp;</span> </span><strong><a href="http://www.african-american-historical-district.com/GOLDEN_WEST_PROJECT.html"><span style="color:#888888;">African-American-Historical District.Com/GOLDEN_WEST_PROJECT</span></a></strong></span></h4>
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		<title>16th Annual Northwest Public Employees Diversity Conference</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/09/30/16th-annual-northwest-public-employees-diversity-conference/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Sep 2009 18:32:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[(~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~)
Will, thanks to you every City Bureau&#8217;s Diversity Committee has a DVD of &#8220;Local Color&#8221;. The Bureaus have been showing it regularly and I have facilitated a number of small group discussions following the showing of the video. We also showed the film as part of our 2008 Black History Month [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1603&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><h6 style="font-size:.75em;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong>(~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~)</strong></span></h6>
<p><a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/03/13/amateur-historian-pushes-behind-the-scenes-history/"><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong><span style="color:#888888;">Will</span></strong></span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong><span style="color:#888888;">,</span></strong> thanks to you every City Bureau&#8217;s Diversity Committee has a </span><a href="http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2008/07/19/black-history-film-%E2%80%9Clocal-color%E2%80%9D-rereleased/"><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong><span style="color:#888888;">DVD of &#8220;Local Color&#8221;</span></strong></span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;">. The Bureaus have been showing it regularly and I have facilitated a number of small group discussions following the showing of the video. We also showed the film as part of our 2008 Black History Month Celebration in the auditorium in the Portland Building.</span></p>
<blockquote><p><span style="color:#ff9900;">I am also facilitating a showing of the film at our upcoming</span><a href="http://www.portlandonline.com/omf/index.cfm?c=32780" target="_blank"><span style="color:#999999;"><strong>16th Annual Public Employees Diversity Conference</strong></span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;">. This will provide an opportunity for employees and managers from 8 public agencies in the 4 county area to view Local Color as well.</span></p></blockquote>
<p><span style="color:#ff9900;">The City has a committee to plan an implement </span><a href="http://www.neighborhoodnotes.com/sw/downtown/events/2009/02/black_history_film_series_2009__local_color_the_history_of_racism_in_oregon/"><span style="color:#999999;"><strong>Black History Month</strong></span></a><span style="color:#ff9900;">Activities. If you have ideas for us don&#8217;t hesitate to let me know. I&#8217;m on vacation until Monday.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff9900;">As always your support of local Black History is much appreciated.</span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff9900;"><a href="http://africanamericanhuntingassociation.com/"><span style="color:#999999;"><strong>Donny R. Adair</strong></span></a><br />
Human Resources Coordinator<br />
Diversity Development/Affirmative Action Office<br />
City of Portland, Bureau of Human Resources<br />
1120 SW 5th Avenue, Rm. 404<br />
Portland, Or. 97204<br />
(503) 823-4169<br />
Cultural Competency is a journey not a destination!</span></p>
<h6 style="font-size:.75em;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff9900;">(~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~)</span></h6>
<h4 style="font-size:1em;"><a href="http://www.neighborhoodnotes.com/sw/downtown/events/2009/02/youth_day__city_of_portland_celebrates_black_history_month/"><span style="color:#999999;">Youth Day » City of Portland Celebrates Black History Month</span></a></h4>
<h4 style="font-size:1em;"><a href="http://www.neighborhoodnotes.com/sw/downtown/events/2009/02/black_history_film_series_2009__local_color_the_history_of_racism_in_oregon/"><span style="color:#999999;">BLACK HISTORY FILM SERIES 2009 » &#8220;Local Color: The History of Racism in Oregon&#8221;</span></a></h4>
<h6 style="font-size:.75em;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff9900;"><strong>(~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~) (~_~)</strong></span></h6>
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		<title>Oregon&#8217;s Ku Klux Klan</title>
		<link>http://goldenwest.wordpress.com/2009/09/27/oregons-ku-klux-klan/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2009 19:33:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Ku Klux Klan
Fiery crosses and marchers in Ku Klux Klan regalia were common sights in Oregon and the nation during the 1920s. The social and economic problems following World War I only partly explain why this organization, with its southern heritage of racism and violence, appealed to the overwhelmingly white, native-born, and Protestant population of [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1596&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Ku Klux Klan</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Fiery crosses and marchers in Ku Klux Klan regalia were common sights in Oregon and the nation during the 1920s. The social and economic problems following World War I only partly explain why this organization, with its southern heritage of racism and violence, appealed to the overwhelmingly white, native-born, and Protestant population of Oregon.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">While the Klan may have been new to the state, the attitudes and issues it exploited were not. Racism, religious bigotry, and anti-immigrant sentiments were deeply entrenched in the laws, culture, and social life of Oregon, and few Oregonians questioned the Klan&#8217;s doctrines of white supremacy, Protestantism, and &#8220;One-Hundred Per Cent Americanism.&#8221;</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">The first Klan organizers (Kleagles) arrived in Oregon from California and the South in early 1921. Maj. Luther I. Powell, a gregarious Louisianan, swore in the first Oregon Klansmen in Medford while his fellow Kleagles recruited in Portland, Eugene, Salem, Astoria, Hood River, Pendleton, and other communities. Historians estimate that the national Klan attracted more than two million members during the 1920s, and by 1923 Oregon Klan leaders claimed 35,000 members in more than sixty local chapters and provisional Klans. Hundreds of other Oregonians joined the Women of the Ku Klux Klan, the Junior Order of Klansmen for teenagers, and the Royal Riders of the Red Robe for foreign-born Protestants.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">The Klan spread rapidly in Oregon, but internal strife plagued it from the beginning. After his election as the first Exalted Cyclops (leader) of Klan No. 1 in Portland, Fred L. Gifford forced Powell from Oregon and became the Grand Dragon (head) of the state Klan. From their Portland headquarters, Gifford and his cronies—including Lem Dever, the colorful editor of the Oregon Klan&#8217;s newspaper, The Western American—turned the organization into a potent and controversial political machine during the elections of 1922 and 1924.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">The Klan&#8217;s appeals to morality and patriotism initially masked the reality: the political intrigue and social conflict and the loyalty to the Klan that transcended political party affiliations.  In 1922, Klansmen won election to local and county offices throughout Oregon, and some Klansmen won seats in the state legislature. The Klan helped elect LaGrande Democrat Walter M. Pierce as governor and played a significant role in passing an initiative measure requiring all children eight to sixteen years of age to attend public schools. While targeting Roman Catholics, the compulsory school bill would have eliminated other private and denominational schools.  As the only state to pass such a law, Oregon gained notoriety and faced numerous legal challenges. The law was never implemented, and the U.S. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in 1925.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Klansmen and their allies in the 1923 legislature resurrected controversial racial and religious issues rejected in earlier years. A bill prohibiting the ownership of land by aliens, aimed primarily at Japanese immigrants, passed easily. Other successful bills with connections to the Klan banned teachers from wearing religious garb in the public schools and blocked public schools from using civics and history textbooks with negative remarks about the Founding Fathers and American heroes. The Klan&#8217;s political agenda also included support for bills to improve state roads and public education.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">The Klan&#8217;s influence on social and cultural life was more damaging and longer lasting than its political successes. The Oregon Klan had its share of charlatans and characters, but the overwhelming majority of members were ordinary Oregonians who represented a cross-section of their communities. Few members engaged in violence. Many local Klans strengthened fraternal bonds by organizing bands, baseball teams, family picnics, and charitable activities. But members also used the Klan to impose their moral and cultural beliefs on other Oregonians, often splintering communities, churches, and social organizations. Numerous Protestant ministers, largely fundamentalist and evangelical, joined or supported the Klan, and several became prominent spokesmen for its anti-Catholic crusade. As the official Klan Lecturer in Oregon, the Rev. Reuben H. Sawyer enthusiastically proclaimed &#8220;The Truth about the Ku Klux Klan&#8221; to many audiences, including a crowd of several thousand at Portland&#8217;s Municipal Auditorium in December 1921.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Opponents of the Klan struggled to find allies. Most Oregonians did not join the Klan, but many supported its agenda and others declined to challenge it. Members of some religious denominations and social and fraternal organizations, minority groups, and a few politicians, including Republican Governor Ben Olcott, vigorously opposed it. The Medford Tribune, the Salem Capital Journal, the Hood River News, the Pendleton East Oregonian, the Portland Telegram, the Portland Advocate, and the Catholic Sentinel editorialized against the Klan, while most local newspapers supported it or took a neutral stance.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Dramatically successful initially, Gifford soon alienated members with his dictatorial style. By 1924, Klansmen outside Portland, long wary, turned against him. As charges of corruption and sexual scandals plagued the Klan in other states, most Oregon Klansmen quit the organization. Some local Klans survived into the 1930s, but attempts to revive the state organization failed. During the Civil Rights Era, when new waves of Klan violence swept the South, the hooded order was only a fading memory in Oregon. Newer extremist groups, while often more militant, have been much smaller and far less successful in Oregon than the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Written by Eckard Toy</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Further Reading:</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Horowitz, David A. &#8220;Order, Solidarity, and Vigilance: The Ku Klux Klan in LaGrande, Oregon.&#8221; In The Invisible Empire in the West: Toward a New Historical Appraisal of the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Shawn Lay, ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992, 2004.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Horowitz, David A., ed. Inside the Klavern: The Secret History of a Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1999.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">LaLande, Jeff. &#8220;Beneath the Hooded Robe: Newspapermen, Local Politics, and the Ku Klux Klan in Jackson County, Oregon.&#8221; Pacific Northwest Quarterly 83 (April 1992): 42-52.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Toy, Eckard V. &#8220;Robe and Gown: The Ku Klux Klan in Eugene, Oregon, during the 1920s.&#8221; In The Invisible Empire in the West: Toward a New Historical Appraisal of the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Shawn Lay, ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992, 2004.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:0;width:1px;height:1px;">Toy, Eckard V. &#8220;The Ku Klux Klan in Oregon.&#8221; In Experiences in a Promised Land: Essays in Pacific Northwest History. G. Thomas Edwards and Carlos A. Schwantes, eds. Seattle: University of Washingt</div>
<div><a href="//www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/ku_klux_klan/"></a><a style="color:#305cb6;text-decoration:underline;font-weight:bold;" href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/o_impact/2009/02/KKK%20march%20in%20Ashland%201920s.jpg" target="_blank"><img style="float:right;width:230px;border:0 initial initial;margin:0;padding:0 0 5px;" src="http://blog.oregonlive.com/o_impact/2009/02/medium_KKK%20march%20in%20Ashland%201920s.jpg" alt="" width="240" height="150" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align:right;"><span style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;line-height:normal;white-space:pre;"><a href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/o_impact/2009/02/KKK%20march%20in%20Ashland%201920s.jpg"><strong>blog.oregonlive.com</strong></a></span></div>
<div style="text-align:right;">(photo from Oregon Historical Society)</div>
<div style="text-align:left;"><a href="//www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/ku_klux_klan/"><em><span style="color:#c0c0c0;">A Ku Klux Klan march on East Main Street in Ashland in the 1920s. Part of the Klan philosophy of &#8220;100 percent Americanism&#8221; rested on the belief in the superiority of native-born, English-speaking Americans. Under the Klan&#8217;s influence, the Oregon Legislature passed an Alien Property Act in 1923, a measure directed at immigrant Japanese in Portland and the Hood River Valley, which prohibited immigrants from owning or leasing land. The same Legislature also petitioned Congress to restrict Asian immigration to the U.S.</span></em></a></div>
<h3 style="font-size:1.17em;text-align:center;"><a href="//www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/ku_klux_klan/"></a><strong><span style="color:#ff6600;">Ku Klux Klan</span></strong></h3>
<div style="text-align:left;"><strong><span style="font-weight:normal;">source: <a href="http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/ku_klux_klan/" target="_blank"><span style="color:#808080;"><strong>Oregon Encyclopedia Project</strong></span></a></span></strong></div>
<div style="text-align:left;"><strong><span style="font-weight:normal;line-height:19px;font-size:13px;"><span style="color:#ff6600;">Fiery crosses and marchers in Ku Klux Klan regalia were common sights in Oregon and the nation during the 1920s. The social and economic problems following World War I only partly explain why this organization, with its southern heritage of racism and violence, appealed to the overwhelmingly white, native-born, and Protestant population of Oregon.</span></span></strong></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">While the Klan may have been new to the state, the attitudes and issues it exploited were not. Racism, religious bigotry, and anti-immigrant sentiments were deeply entrenched in the laws, culture, and social life of Oregon, and few Oregonians questioned the Klan&#8217;s doctrines of white supremacy, Protestantism, and &#8220;One-Hundred Per Cent Americanism.&#8221;</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">The first Klan organizers (Kleagles) arrived in Oregon from California and the South in early 1921. Maj. Luther I. Powell, a gregarious Louisianan, swore in the first Oregon Klansmen in Medford while his fellow Kleagles recruited in Portland, Eugene, Salem, Astoria, Hood River, Pendleton, and other communities. Historians estimate that the national Klan attracted more than two million members during the 1920s, and by 1923 Oregon Klan leaders claimed 35,000 members in more than sixty local chapters and provisional Klans. Hundreds of other Oregonians joined the Women of the Ku Klux Klan, the Junior Order of Klansmen for teenagers, and the Royal Riders of the Red Robe for foreign-born Protestants.</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">The Klan spread rapidly in Oregon, but internal strife plagued it from the beginning. After his election as the first Exalted Cyclops (leader) of Klan No. 1 in Portland, Fred L. Gifford forced Powell from Oregon and became the Grand Dragon (head) of the state Klan. From their Portland headquarters, Gifford and his cronies—including Lem Dever, the colorful editor of the Oregon Klan&#8217;s newspaper, The Western American—turned the organization into a potent and controversial political machine during the elections of 1922 and 1924.</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">The Klan&#8217;s appeals to morality and patriotism initially masked the reality: the political intrigue and social conflict and the loyalty to the Klan that transcended political party affiliations.  In 1922, Klansmen won election to local and county offices throughout Oregon, and some Klansmen won seats in the state legislature. The Klan helped elect LaGrande Democrat Walter M. Pierce as governor and played a significant role in passing an initiative measure requiring all children eight to sixteen years of age to attend public schools. While targeting Roman Catholics, the compulsory school bill would have eliminated other private and denominational schools.  As the only state to pass such a law, Oregon gained notoriety and faced numerous legal challenges. The law was never implemented, and the U.S. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in 1925.</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">Klansmen and their allies in the 1923 legislature resurrected controversial racial and religious issues rejected in earlier years. A bill prohibiting the ownership of land by aliens, aimed primarily at Japanese immigrants, passed easily. Other successful bills with connections to the Klan banned teachers from wearing religious garb in the public schools and blocked public schools from using civics and history textbooks with negative remarks about the Founding Fathers and American heroes. The Klan&#8217;s political agenda also included support for bills to improve state roads and public education.</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">The Klan&#8217;s influence on social and cultural life was more damaging and longer lasting than its political successes. The Oregon Klan had its share of charlatans and characters, but the overwhelming majority of members were ordinary Oregonians who represented a cross-section of their communities. Few members engaged in violence. Many local Klans strengthened fraternal bonds by organizing bands, baseball teams, family picnics, and charitable activities. But members also used the Klan to impose their moral and cultural beliefs on other Oregonians, often splintering communities, churches, and social organizations. Numerous Protestant ministers, largely fundamentalist and evangelical, joined or supported the Klan, and several became prominent spokesmen for its anti-Catholic crusade. As the official Klan Lecturer in Oregon, the Rev. Reuben H. Sawyer enthusiastically proclaimed &#8220;The Truth about the Ku Klux Klan&#8221; to many audiences, including a crowd of several thousand at Portland&#8217;s Municipal Auditorium in December 1921.</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">Opponents of the Klan struggled to find allies. Most Oregonians did not join the Klan, but many supported its agenda and others declined to challenge it. Members of some religious denominations and social and fraternal organizations, minority groups, and a few politicians, including Republican Governor Ben Olcott, vigorously opposed it. The Medford Tribune, the Salem Capital Journal, the Hood River News, the Pendleton East Oregonian, the Portland Telegram, the Portland Advocate, and the Catholic Sentinel editorialized against the Klan, while most local newspapers supported it or took a neutral stance.</span></div>
<div><span style="color:#ff6600;">Dramatically successful initially, Gifford soon alienated members with his dictatorial style. By 1924, Klansmen outside Portland, long wary, turned against him. As charges of corruption and sexual scandals plagued the Klan in other states, most Oregon Klansmen quit the organization. Some local Klans survived into the 1930s, but attempts to revive the state organization failed. During the Civil Rights Era, when new waves of Klan violence swept the South, the hooded order was only a fading memory in Oregon. Newer extremist groups, while often more militant, have been much smaller and far less successful in Oregon than the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s.</span></div>
<div>Written by<strong> </strong><a href="http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/authors/210/#196_Eckard_Toy"><strong>Eckard Toy</strong></a></div>
<div>Further Reading:</div>
<div>Horowitz, David A. &#8220;Order, Solidarity, and Vigilance: The Ku Klux Klan in LaGrande, Oregon.&#8221; In The Invisible Empire in the West: Toward a New Historical Appraisal of the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Shawn Lay, ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992, 2004.</div>
<div>Horowitz, David A., ed. Inside the Klavern: The Secret History of a Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1999.</div>
<div>LaLande, Jeff. &#8220;Beneath the Hooded Robe: Newspapermen, Local Politics, and the Ku Klux Klan in Jackson County, Oregon.&#8221; Pacific Northwest Quarterly 83 (April 1992): 42-52.</div>
<div>Toy, Eckard V. &#8220;Robe and Gown: The Ku Klux Klan in Eugene, Oregon, during the 1920s.&#8221; In The Invisible Empire in the West: Toward a New Historical Appraisal of the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Shawn Lay, ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992, 2004.</div>
<div>Toy, Eckard V. &#8220;The Ku Klux Klan in Oregon.&#8221; In Experiences in a Promised Land: Essays in Pacific Northwest History. G. Thomas Edwards and Carlos A. Schwantes, eds. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986.</div>
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		<title>Earl Henry Winchester</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2009 09:14:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Life Story: Earl Winchester





Posted by   Joan Harvey, The Oregonian Joan Harvey, The Oregonian  &#8211;&#62; July 25, 2009 09:00AM



Earl Henry Winchester
Born: Oct. 5, 1921, in Kinsley, Kan.
Died: July 11, 2009, in Portland
Survivors: Wife, Virginia B.; daughter, JoAnn &#8220;Jody&#8221;; sons, James, Phillip and Peter; sisters, Mellow Dee Barnett, La Verna Fuller, Dorothy Marshall, Elva [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1523&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><p><a href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/lifestories/"></a><a href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/lifestories/2009/07/life_story_earl_winchester.html">Life Story: Earl Winchester</a></p>
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<h6>Posted by   Joan Harvey, The Oregonian <a href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/lifestories/about.html">Joan Harvey, The Oregonian </a> <strong>&#8211;&gt;</strong> July 25, 2009 09:00AM</h6>
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<div class="photo-right medium"><img src="http://blog.oregonlive.com/lifestories/2009/07/medium_earl.winchester.2.JPG" alt="" /></p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;font-size:15px;"><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Earl Henry Winchester</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Born:</strong> Oct. 5, 1921, in Kinsley, Kan.</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Died:</strong> July 11, 2009, in Portland</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Survivors:</strong> Wife, Virginia B.; daughter, JoAnn &#8220;Jody&#8221;; sons, James, Phillip and Peter; sisters, Mellow Dee Barnett, La Verna Fuller, Dorothy Marshall, Elva June Terry, Norma Kennedy; and one grandchild</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Service:</strong> Has been held</span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Remembrances:</strong></span> Bethel A.M.E. Church</div>
<p><span class="caption"> </span></div>
<div class="photo-right medium"><span class="caption">Earl Winchester in concert at Wilshire Methodist Church in 1979. </span></div>
<p>One Sunday morning in 1979, Earl Winchester stood in Wilshire Methodist Church in Northeast Portland and lifted his voice in song.</p>
<p>It was a brooding, woeful concert of what he called Negro spirituals, sung in the traditional way he insisted on, a lone male voice with simple piano accompaniment. The tall, distinguished-looking man was dressed in an impeccable gray suit and wine-colored tie, his demeanor and voice echoing his deep religious conviction and the heritage he knew so well.</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/lifestories/2009/07/life_story_earl_winchester.html#more">Continue reading the entry&#8230;</a></p>
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<div><em>&#8211; Joan Harvey:</em> <a href="mailto:joanharvey@news.oregonian.com">joanharvey@news.oregonian.com </a></div>
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		<title>911 Henry Gates Audio</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2009 20:55:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
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		<title>Black In Oregon: precarious</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2009 14:52:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>willbe1960</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[State of black Oregon: precarious
Bleeding_of_albina.pdf
by Nikole Hannah-Jones, The Oregonian 
Saturday July 25, 2009, 10:00 AM
source: OregonLive.com

Sharon Peters, who has a daughter headed to college a son who&#8217;s a senior in high school, waits at the state WorkSource Central Metro office in North Portland. She&#8217;s looking for work, but can&#8217;t find it. Black Oregonians are twice [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=goldenwest.wordpress.com&blog=4546426&post=1492&subd=goldenwest&ref=&feed=1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class='snap_preview'><br /><h3 style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff6600;">State of black Oregon: precarious</span></h3>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B8vrhzdjE2SWMzU4M2QyZWItNzBkNC00OTBmLTliN2MtZDZkNmU0MzZiMDFk&amp;hl=en">Bleeding_of_albina.pdf</a></p>
<address>by Nikole Hannah-Jones, The Oregonian </address>
<div style="margin-top:6px;">Saturday July 25, 2009, 10:00 AM</div>
<div style="margin-top:6px;">source: <a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2009/07/for_oregons_blacks_miseries_mu.html" target="_blank">OregonLive.com</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2009/07/for_oregons_blacks_miseries_mu.html"><img src="http://blog.oregonlive.com/portland_impact/2009/07/large_PX00222_7.JPG" alt="" width="272" height="408" /></a></div>
<h6><a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2009/07/for_oregons_blacks_miseries_mu.html"><strong><span style="color:#ff6600;">Sharon Peters, who has a daughter headed to college a son who&#8217;s a senior in high school, waits at the state WorkSource Central Metro office in North Portland. She&#8217;s looking for work, but can&#8217;t find it. Black Oregonians are twice as likely to be unemployed as white Oregonians.</span></strong></a></h6>
<p>Take a moment and consider the havoc Oregon&#8217;s record-level 12.2 percent unemployment rate has wreaked across the state. Hard-working people jobless for months. Homes lost and cars repossessed. Safety nets evaporated.</p>
<p>Now imagine that what is now the third-highest state unemployment rate in the nation has been your community&#8217;s jobless rate for the past 30 years. And that during this economic freefall the unemployment rate could be 20 percent or higher.</p>
<p>This is the reality for black Oregonians.</p>
<p>&#8220;If Oregon&#8217;s unemployment rate is considered a crisis, then the black community has been in crisis for years, &#8221; says Marcus Mundy, president of the Urban League of Portland. &#8220;It&#8217;s a scary place right now because when things go bad for everyone, it&#8217;s exponentially so for black folks.&#8221;</p>
<p>This week, the depth of that crisis will become clear as the Urban League releases its first assessment in 17 years of how the state&#8217;s tiny black population &#8212; smaller than four sellout crowds at the Rose Garden &#8212; fares in Oregon.</p>
<p>The civil rights organization brought in educators, policy specialists and academics to research and document key areas of black life and hired the consulting firm ECONorthwest to collect data.</p>
<p>The study reveals a community that falls near or at the bottom of almost every quality of life indicator in the state, including infant mortality, high school graduation, proximity to environmental toxins, incarceration and poverty rates.</p>
<div><img src="http://blog.oregonlive.com/portland_impact/2009/07/small_GS.11BLAC126.jpg" alt="" /></div>
<p>But most troubling to advocates is the devastation that the financial disaster has wrought on the state&#8217;s black population that already struggles with a poverty rate more than twice the state average.</p>
<p>The unemployment rate for African Americans in Oregon has consistently been double that of white Oregonians, even in good times. Black unemployment probably is now close to 24 percent.</p>
<p>Black Oregonians are losing homes and wealth in what is nationally projected to be the largest loss of black wealth in U.S. history, according to a national report.</p>
<p>&#8220;The effects are very devastating in a community where this high of a percentage are out of work,&#8221; says<strong> <a href="http://tinyurl.com/lkzm5f">Karen Gibson</a></strong>, an urban studies professor at Portland State University who wrote a piece on employment for the report. &#8220;It&#8217;s like an invisible, silent disaster. How can they maintain their family, start a business, be a role model?&#8221;</p>
<h1><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>•</strong></span></h1>
<p>When the Urban League of Portland moved to take new stock of the state&#8217;s black population, the financial disaster had not yet dug in its heels in Oregon.</p>
<p>The national Urban League issues an annual State of Black America, but the local chapter has channeled its energy in recent years into rebuilding after years of turmoil and dysfunction.</p>
<blockquote><p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Discuss:To discuss this article or talk more about race, go to Nikole Hannah-Jones&#8217; race blog: <a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/race">oregonlive.com/race</a></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Read the report:</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>The Urban League of Portland releases the State of Black Oregon report Monday. Read it online at <a href="http://www.ulpdx.org/">www.ulpdx.org </a></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>For help:</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Housing or foreclosure assistance: Contact the African American Alliance for Homeownership at <a href="http://www.aaah.org/">www.aaah.org</a> or 503-595-3517</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>Job search assistance: <a href="http://www.worksourceoregon.org/">www.worksourceoregon.org</a> or 800-237-3710</strong></span></p></blockquote>
<p>Mundy, a California transplant who came on board as interim president in 2006 and as president January 2008, said he decided the chapter needed the report after running into what he sees as Oregonians&#8217; progressive blind spot: race.</p>
<p>&#8220;I kept hearing things that I couldn&#8217;t verify, like, &#8216;Oh, it&#8217;s not so bad,&#8217;&#8221; Mundy says. &#8220;We weren&#8217;t looking for problems. We were looking for facts. It&#8217;s hard to advocate without the numbers.&#8221;</p>
<p>As the economic meltdown took its toll, the report gained a new urgency.</p>
<p>&#8220;The state of black Oregon is precarious,&#8221; says Mundy. &#8220;We are on the precipice of turning back many gains of the civil rights movement in a real way.&#8221;</p>
<p>Black Oregonians are particularly vulnerable to recession, says Gibson of Portland State.</p>
<p>Because of the state&#8217;s history of discrimination and segregation, the population is small and has less wealth and lower incomes than black communities nationally. Black Oregonians found it difficult to enter certain fields and to attend college, Gibson says, so are newer to many professions and therefore among the first to be let go in hard times. Workers also are concentrated in the service and manufacturing sectors, which are lower paying and more likely to cut jobs.</p>
<p>Unemployment figures measure the numbers of jobless Americans who are actively seeking work, but can&#8217;t find it.</p>
<p>The state keeps no monthly data on unemployment by race, so the latest figures on black unemployment come from last year, before Oregon&#8217;s overall unemployment rate jumped more than 6 percentage points.</p>
<p>But economists say the doubling trend probably is continuing for black Oregonians. A new study lends credence to the high rate.</p>
<p>The Economic Policy Institute, a nonpartisan think tank in Washington, D.C., released a state-by-state report last week on racial disparities in unemployment, but Oregon&#8217;s black population was too small to measure. However, Michigan &#8212; suffering like Oregon with anoverall unemployment rate higher than 12 percent &#8212; recorded a black unemployment rate of 22.8 percent for the second quarter of the year. That&#8217;s close to the peak national unemployment rate during the Great Depression.</p>
<p>Sharon Peters is engulfed in the struggle to find a job. The 45-year-old suddenly found herself searching for work after her husband died in November. She graduated from Spelman College where she studied pre-med, but she hasn&#8217;t worked in recent years.</p>
<p>She has networked, stopped by businesses and sent out resume after resume, but hasn&#8217;t gotten a single call back. With her daughter headed to college in Los Angeles this fall and her son entering his senior year of high school, the worry shows on her face.</p>
<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s bad,&#8221; she says as she waits at the North Portland unemployment office where she hoped to sign up for a medical certification course. &#8220;I&#8217;m told I am either overqualified for some jobs and underqualified for others.&#8221;</p>
<p>Peters looks at her 17-year-old daughter, Ta&#8217;Nia. &#8220;I&#8217;m really concerned about the future because I have people depending on me.&#8221;</p>
<p>An employment specialist calls her back and says her online resume looks good. Then he runs it through a program that matches skills with job openings.</p>
<p>No current matches, the screen says. He gives a sympathetic smile, then says, &#8220;That&#8217;s not that uncommon given the way the economy is going.&#8221;</p>
<h1><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>•</strong></span></h1>
<p>Unemployment among African Americans in Portland has been worse than for African Americans in every major West Coast city and the nation as a whole since at least 1979.</p>
<p>And even for those who&#8217;ve tried to beat the odds through education, a college degree provides little buffer.</p>
<p>&#8220;The unemployment rate for blacks with some college education is consistently higher than whites who dropped out of high school,&#8221; says William Darity, a professor of public policy, African American studies and economics at Duke University. &#8220;For folks who think that discrimination is passe, I don&#8217;t know how they explain that.&#8221;</p>
<p>In April, the unemployment rate among African American college graduates nationally was 7.2 percent, nearly twice as high as that of their white counterparts and significantly higher than that of Hispanics and Asians with four-year degrees, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.</p>
<p>The impact, Darity says, is a population in which many are unable to get a foothold in the American dream.</p>
<p>&#8220;It damages the progress that has been achieved by some segments of the black population that we call the middle class,&#8221; he says.</p>
<p>Don Wesley is one of those people.</p>
<p>In May, after nearly 24 years with Nike, Wesley went to work only to leave a few hours later, carrying a box brimming with the contents of his desk. He had known layoffs were coming as Nike trimmed its staff. But he had been told not to worry.</p>
<p>&#8220;In conversations with my boss, I was thinking I should be OK,&#8221; he says. &#8220;Then I was told as part of the reorganization I was not being retained.&#8221;</p>
<p>Wesley&#8217;s carefully ordered world crashed &#8212; the one he had constructed since he graduated with a business degree from Memphis State University.</p>
<p>He was born 52 years ago in Birmingham, Ala. His mother, who worked as a domestic for white families, pushed her four children to college after Wesley&#8217;s father died when he was 6.</p>
<p>Wesley joined Nike in Tennessee and worked his way through the ranks when a promotion brought him, somewhat reluctantly, to Oregon in 1996. &#8220;As white as it is now,&#8221; he recalls. &#8220;It was whiter back then.&#8221;</p>
<p>Wesley made a life for himself here. Bought a house. Raised his kids. Spent frugally and saved lavishly.</p>
<p>&#8220;The only thing I&#8217;ve done for the last 23 years is get up and go to work and do a good job like I was raised to do &#8212; then suddenly Don Wesley, who&#8217;s been working since he was 14 years old, doesn&#8217;t have a job,&#8221; he says. &#8220;I broke down. I carried my boxes to my car, cried a little bit, then came home and cried a little bit, drank a beer, and cried a little more.&#8221;</p>
<p>Even though he has a daughter in college, Wesley is OK for now. He got a severance package from Nike, where he worked with computers. But as weeks without work have turned to months, he worries that the comfortable life he&#8217;s built could slip away.</p>
<p>&#8220;We&#8217;re going to be OK,&#8221; he says. &#8220;But if I haven&#8217;t found a job in a couple of months, it may be a different story.&#8221;</p>
<p>And then there&#8217;s that nagging feeling.</p>
<p>&#8220;Even in the professional ranks, you still have the old boys club,&#8221; he says. &#8220;I&#8217;m not saying that&#8217;s what happened to me, but you get into circles of influence and we might do a good job but not necessarily get in those circles. And if there are only five slots and there&#8217;s five people in the circle and you&#8217;re not one, then you&#8217;re out. I don&#8217;t know if it&#8217;s racial or not, but where it is race is whether we get invited into those circles.&#8221;</p>
<h1><span style="color:#ff6600;"><strong>•</strong></span></h1>
<p>The scope of inequities between black Oregonians and the rest of the state&#8217;s residents aren&#8217;t a simple matter of individuals making bad choices, Mundy says.</p>
<p>The Urban League contends the problems are systemic &#8212; and has a list of recommendations that it plans to push with local and state government officials to change the system. Among them:</p>
<p>As the state works on its economic stimulus, ensure racial minorities get job training and work, particularly with green and infrastructure jobs.</p>
<p>Reform welfare programs so people receiving assistance don&#8217;t lose benefits when they want to work.</p>
<p>Make sure African Americans get equal access to business loans and government contracts.</p>
<p>The group also wants the state to expand its earned income tax credit to help people transition out of poverty; strengthen laws and enforcement concerning predatory lending; preserve affordable housing; and help more African Americans buy homes.</p>
<p>The report will set the Urban League&#8217;s agenda for the next two years.</p>
<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s oxymoronic for Oregonians to call themselves progressive and be aware of the facts in this report &#8212; they obliterate the notion that we are post-racial,&#8221; Mundy says. &#8220;This is not a progressive state if it continues to let this exist. I want them to be as outraged about this as I am.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8211;<em> Nikole Hannah-Jones</em>;<a href="mailto:nhannahjones@news.oregonian.com"> nhannahjones@news.oregonian.com</a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong><a href="http://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B8vrhzdjE2SWMzU4M2QyZWItNzBkNC00OTBmLTliN2MtZDZkNmU0MzZiMDFk&amp;hl=en">Bleeding_of_albina.pdf</a></strong></p>
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